This 8-page brochure presents key statistics on child survival, protection and development for children in Africa. Among the main findings are: mortality rates among children under five decreased by 45 per cent between 1990 and 2012, but still half of the world’s 6.6 million under-five deaths occur in Africa; pneumonia, malaria and diarrhea account for 40% of all under-five deaths in Africa; at least 1 in 3 children under five in Africa were stunted in 2011; in 2012, there were an estimated 2.9 million children under 15 years living with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa; over half of the world’s out-of-school children (33 million) live in Africa; the population in Africa with access to an improved drinking source more than doubled from 1990 to 2012 and; there has been major progress in the last decade in the use of insecticide-treated nets among children.